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Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex (died 82 BC), the son of Publius Mucius Scaevola (consul in 133 BC and also Pontifex Maximus) was a politician of the Roman Republic and an important early authority on Roman law. He is credited with founding the study of law as a systematic discipline.〔Tuori, Kaius. ''Ancient Roman Lawyers and Modern Legal Ideals: Studies on the Impact of Contemporary Concerns in the Interpretation of Ancient Roman Legal History'' Vittorio Klostermann: 2007 ISBN 3-465-04034-1 ISBN 9783465040347〕 He was nephew and son of two men elected Pontifices Maximi, and would himself be elected chief priest of Rome.〔Knight, Charles. ''The English Cyclopedia'' 1857; p. 293.〕 He was also the first Roman Pontifex Maximus to be murdered publicly, in Rome in the very Temple of the Vestal Virgins, signifying a breakdown of historical norms and religious taboos in the Republic. ==Political career== Scaevola was elected tribune in 106 BC, aedile in 104 BC and consul in 95 BC. As consul, together with his relative Lucius Licinius Crassus he had a law (the ''Lex Licinia Mucia'') passed in the Senate that denied Roman citizenship to certain groups within the Roman sphere of influence ("Italians" and "Latins"). The passage of this law was one of the major contributing factors to the Social War. Scaevola was next made governor of Asia, a position in which he became renowned for his harsh treatment of corrupt tax collectors and for publishing an edict that later became a standard model for provincial administration. He proved so popular that the people he governed instituted a festival day (the ''dies Mucia'') in his honour. Returning to Rome, he was elected pontifex maximus. He took the opportunity to more strictly regulate the priestly colleges and to ensure that traditional rituals were properly observed. Scaevola was the author of a treatise on civil law (''Jus civile primus constituit generatim in libros decem et octo redigendo'') that spanned 18 volumes, compiling and systematising legislation and precedents. He also wrote a short legal handbook (ο̉ροι, or simply ''Liber Singularis'') containing a glossary of terms and an outline of basic principles. Four short sections of this latter work were incorporated by Justinian I into his ''Pandectae'', but nothing of the rest of his works is extant today. Speeches by Scaevola extant in ancient times were praised by Cicero. He was also the originator of cautelary law giving his name to the cautio muciana and the praesumptio muciana. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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